I have covered the contents- What is A Bridge, Classification of Bridges or Different Types Of Bridges. Different Types Of Bridges have been described here, along with proper pictures which will help you to understand easily.

Classification of Bridges | Bridge Type | Types of Bridges

What is a bridge:

It can be defined in a simple way that bridge is a structure which is overcome any type of obstructions like Nallah, river, valley, railway track and Highway and also allowed to move vehicles and also the pedestrians without any hazard.

Classification of Bridges As Per IRC 6 || Different Types Of Bridges:

Bridges can be classified into different categories- 1. based on the materials, 2. based on purpose, 3. According to length of the bridge, 4. based on superstructures type, 5. based on span length, 6. according to structure life, 7. according to the position of deck, 8. Based on HFL position, 9. Based on navigation, 10. according to the alignment of the deck and 11. based on the loading.

1. Bridge Types Based on Material:

Based on the materials, bridges can be classified into six categories-

A. Wooden Bridge:

These Types of Bridges were proposed and used in the past times. Construc cost is very low as compare to the others. The service life of a wooden bridge is also less compared to others. Nowadays, sometimes wooden bridges are used as per temporary service.

B. R.C.C Bridge:

Reinforced Cement Concrete is used to construct these types of bridges i.e. slab bridges, box cells, T-beam type girders, etc.

C. Masonry Bridge:

These Types of Bridges were proposed and used in the past times. Masonry bridge structures are made of natural stones or bricks or concrete blocks. The main load-bearing component of this bridge is the arch, which transfers the load from top surface to the adjoin foundation.

D. Steel Bridge:

Steel members are used in this bridge i.e. truss through bridge, Semi-through bridge, truss deck bridge, etc.

E. Pre-stressed concrete bridge:

Pre-stressed concrete is used in these types of bridges. Girders are pre-tension or may be post-tension.

F. Composite Bridge:

These types of bridges are composed of steel and concrete material. This type of span is proposed in the case of a long-span bridge.

2. Bridge Types Based on Purpose:

A. PUP/CUP/ VUP,

These type of structures provide to cross the pedestrians or cattles or vehicles under the bridge.

B. ROB/RUB,

C. Road cum Railway bridge,

D. FOB,

E. Flyover,

F. Aqueduct,

G. Viaduct and

H. Grade separator

3. Bridge Types According to Length:

A. Culvert:

if the length of the structure is less than 6.00m then it is called a culvert. it's classified into two categories- Pipe culvert and slab culvert.

B. Minor Bridge:

if the length of the structure is greater than 6.00m and less than 60.00m then it is called Minor Bridge.

C. Major Bridge:

if the length of the structure is greater than 60.00m and less than 120.00m then it is called Major Bridge.

D. Long Bridge or Extra Large Bridge:

The length of the bridge is above 120.0m.

4. Bridge Types Based on Superstructure Type:

A. Slab Bridge (Solid Slab / Void Slab),

B. Box Cell / Frame type,

C. Girder bridge ( T-beam type/I-girder with deck Slab),

D. Arch Bridge,

E. Truss bridge,

F. Cable-stayed bridge,

G. Suspension bridge,

5. Bridge Types According to Span Type:

A. Simply Supported Bridge,

B. Continuous Bridge,

C. Cantilever bridge,

D. Balance cantilever bridge,

E. Balance cantilever with suspended span bridge,

D. Integral bridge

6. Bridge Types According to Life:

A. Temporary Bridge

Platoon Bridge, Boat Bridge, Flying Bridge, etc.

B. Permanent Bridge

Masonry bridge, Concrete Bridge, Steel Bridge, etc.

7. Bridge Types based on Position of Deck:

A. Deck Bridge,

B. Through Bridge,

C. Semi-Through Bridge

8. Bridge Types According to H.F.L:

According to the position of High Flood Level (H.F.L), the bridges can be classified into two categories.

A. Submersible Bridge:

If the HFL level touches the soffit of the deck or the lowest level of the superstructure the structure is called a submersible bridge. H.F.L may be above the superstructure.

B. High-Level Bridge (Non-submersible Bridge):

If the HFL level is below the soffit of the deck or the lowest level of the superstructure the structure is called high-level bridge or non-submersible bridge.

9. Bridge Types According to Navigation:

A. Swing Bridge:

The bridge span can horizontally swing and make clearance to move waterway traffic.

B. Bascule Bridge:

The bridge spans can vertically swing and make clearance for waterway traffic.

C. Vertical Lift Bridge:

In the case of a vertical lift bridge, the bridge can lift or move vertical and make clearance to move waterway traffic.

10. Bridge Types According to Alignment:

A. Skew Bridge:

First of all, you have to know "what is skew angle?". The angle between the direction of streams or roads or railways and perpendicular traffic direction is called skew angle. If the direction of streams or roads or railways and perpendicular to traffic direction make any angle, then the bridge is called Skew Bridge. The skew angle is most important during bridge design in the case of skew bridges.

B. Non-Skew Bridge:

If the direction of streams / roads / railways and perpendicular to traffic direction does not make any angle, then the bridge is called a non-Skew Bridge.

11. Classification of Bridges as per IRC Loading:

A. Class 70R bridge,

B. Class A bridge,

C. Class B bridge.

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Classification of Bridges | Different Types Of Bridges